软件设计师专业英语高频词汇速查手册软件设计师考试《综合知识》科目最后5题第71~75题为专业英语填空题每题1分共5分。本手册按考试高频考点分类整理覆盖核心术语、真题高频词及新兴技术词汇助你高效备考一、软件工程与开发方法英文术语中文释义Software Engineering软件工程Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)软件开发生命周期Waterfall Model瀑布模型Agile Development敏捷开发Scrum FrameworkScrum框架DevOps开发运维一体化Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)能力成熟度模型集成Object-Oriented面向对象的Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)面向对象编程Unified Modeling Language (UML)统一建模语言Rational Unified Process (RUP)统一过程Design Pattern设计模式Component-Based基于组件的Modular / Modularity模块化Maintainability可维护性Reusability可重用性Portability可移植性Interoperability互操作性Reliability可靠性Information Hiding信息隐藏Abstract抽象Traceability可跟踪性二、数据库与数据结构英文术语中文释义Database数据库Database Management System (DBMS)数据库管理系统Structured Query Language (SQL)结构化查询语言NoSQL非关系型数据库Data Warehouse数据仓库Data Mining数据挖掘Data Visualization数据可视化Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)联机分析处理Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)联机事务处理Extract-Transform-Load (ETL)数据清洗/转换/加载Object-Relational Mapping (ORM)对象关系映射Graph Database图形数据库Array数组/阵列Index索引Directory目录三、计算机网络与通信英文术语中文释义Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)开放系统互连Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)传输控制协议Internet Protocol (IP)互联网协议User Datagram Protocol (UDP)用户数据报协议Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)超文本传输协议File Transfer Protocol (FTP)文件传输协议Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)简单邮件传输协议Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)互联网消息访问协议Virtual Private Network (VPN)虚拟私人网络Local Area Network (LAN)局域网Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)城域网Wide Area Network (WAN)广域网Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)无线局域网Personal Area Network (PAN)个人局域网Bandwidth带宽Firewall防火墙Ethernet以太网Bluetooth蓝牙Software Defined Network (SDN)软件定义网络Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)异步传输模式Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)数字用户线路四、信息安全英文术语中文释义Information Security信息安全Confidentiality保密性Integrity完整性Availability可用性Non-repudiation抗抵赖Digital Signature数字签名Authentication认证Encryption加密Decryption解密Access Control访问控制Network Security Situation Awareness网络安全态势感知Data Security数据安全Anti-virus防病毒Hacker黑客Certificate证书五、云计算、大数据与新兴技术英文术语中文释义Cloud Computing云计算Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)基础设施即服务Platform as a Service (PaaS)平台即服务Software as a Service (SaaS)软件即服务Cloud Native云原生Microservices微服务Containerization容器化Serverless Computing无服务器计算Continuous Integration / Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)持续集成/持续部署Big Data大数据Artificial Intelligence (AI)人工智能Machine Learning (ML)机器学习Deep Learning深度学习Natural Language Processing (NLP)自然语言处理Computer Vision计算机视觉Knowledge Graph知识图谱Blockchain区块链Internet of Things (IoT)物联网Internet of Vehicles (IoV)车联网Edge Computing边缘计算Fog Computing雾计算Virtual Reality (VR)虚拟现实Augmented Reality (AR)增强现实Metaverse元宇宙Digital Transformation数字化转型Smart City智慧城市Smart Manufacturing / Intelligent Manufacturing (IM)智能制造Industrial Internet工业互联网RFID射频识别Storage Area Network (SAN)存储区域网络Network Attached Storage (NAS)网络附加存储Direct Attached Storage (DAS)直连式存储六、企业应用与系统架构英文术语中文释义Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)企业资源计划Customer Relationship Management (CRM)客户关系管理Supply Chain Management (SCM)供应链管理Business Process Management (BPM)业务流程管理Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)面向服务的架构Service-Oriented Computing (SOC)面向服务的计算Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)企业应用集成Middleware中间件Web ServicesWeb服务Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)简单对象访问协议Web Services Description Language (WSDL)Web服务描述语言Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI)统一描述、发现及集成Extensible Markup Language (XML)可扩展标记语言Model-View-Controller (MVC)模型-视图-控制器Application Programming Interface (API)应用程序编程接口Software Development Kit (SDK)软件开发工具包Integrated Development Environment (IDE)集成开发环境Service Level Agreement (SLA)服务级别协议Key Performance Indicator (KPI)关键绩效指标Legacy System遗留系统七、真题高频动词/形容词完形填空常考英文中文释义implement实施执行integrate集成deploy / deployment部署decompose分解compose组成构成trigger触发maintain维护optimize优化configure / configuration配置compress压缩execute / execution执行investigate调查encounter遭遇object-oriented面向对象的component-based基于组件的structural结构化的visual可视化的generic通用的built-in内置的automated自动的well-suited非常适合的robustness鲁棒性/健壮性八、计算机基础硬件词汇英文术语中文释义Central Processing Unit (CPU)中央处理器Controller控制器Arithmetic Unit运算器Memory存储器/内存Cache高速缓存Input Device输入设备Output Device输出设备System Software系统软件Application Software应用软件Operating System操作系统Bus Line总线Main Board主板Coprocessor协同处理器Pixel像素Bandwidth带宽Flash RAM闪存九、备考小贴士分值占比低但别放弃5分不多但属于白送分花1~2周集中背一遍即可拿满。重点背缩写考试常考缩写的全称或含义如 SOA、UML、CMMI、CI/CD 等。结合真题练手感做完形填空时先通读全文把握大意再根据上下文逻辑选词。关注新兴技术词汇近年考试越来越倾向于考查云计算、AI、区块链、物联网等新技术术语。祝各位软考顺利上岸如果觉得有用欢迎收藏转发给一起备考的小伙伴~